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Taylor, R. E. and B. Kynard (1985). Mortality of juvenile American shad and blueback herring passed through a low-head Kaplan hydroelectric turbine. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 114:430-435.

Immediate mortality of juvenile alosids, American shad Alosa sapidissiam and blueback herring A. aestivalis , passed through the 17-MW Kaplan turbine at Holyoke Dam on the Connecticut River was estimated with mark-capture methods. Turbine-induced mortality was 62% at 16.5-MW generation, 82% at 12 MW, and 82% at 5.5 MW. The significantly lower mortality of fish at full power output is thought to be related to greater turbine efficiency.

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